ECONIS Select – Climate Change and Economic Development

07/2010

Selected for the Global Economic Symposium 2010

Climate change poses the serious challenge of carbon dioxide emission reduction. Emission control by developing countries is becoming a key for effective mitigation of climate change, as those countries now account for more than a half of global emissions and are still expanding their energy infrastructure. Substantial emission reduction in developing countries would require strong policy commitments and subsequent investments in a green economy. Some highly efficient, emission-saving production technologies could already be implemented without technical complexities. The challenge is therefore how to bring these technologies to countries that do not have the financial means to invest in them. The successful implementation could generate a “triple dividend,” that is, energy saving, emission reduction and job creation. In this sense climate change can be seen as a chance for economic development in these countries.

Meanwhile, climate experts indicate that the damages of climate change will fall disproportionately on developing countries and particularly on the poor, which are the most vulnerable and least able to adapt. Those damages could inhibit economic development. The World Bank estimates that developing countries will need $145–$175 billion for mitigation and $30–$100 billion for adaptation annually by the year 2030. However, the amount of international funding is currently $9 billion for both measures combined.

There are two areas in which we need international solutions. The first is how to promote implementation of efficient technologies in developing countries. The second one is how to finance the adaption to climate change in developing countries. The first part can be solved not only on the political level, but to a high degree on a business level, particularly by multinational firms.

• How can we encourage the business sector in implementation of efficient technologies?
• What will be effective ways of public-private partnerships to achieve the goal?

In order to solve the second part, there is a need for intensified communication between politics and development partners.

• How can we guarantee such communication given the multiplicity of institutions involving development assistance, which include bilateral aid organizations as well as multilateral ones such as UN institutions?
• Also, how should we set priorities in the distribution of funds (e.g., finding a balance between financial support of climate change adaptation and conventional development aid, streamlining funding bodies for climate change adaptation and for other types of development assistance)?

Literature selected from our database ECONIS:

• Title: Development and climate change / The World Bank
  Corporate body: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
  Published: Washington, DC: World Bank, 2010
  Subject heading: Economic development / Climate change
  Link: Table of contents
• Title: Mainstreaming climate change in development cooperation
  Published: Cambridge [u.a.]: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2010
  Subject heading: Economic development / Development Aid / Development cooperation / Climate change / Global governance / Developing countries / EU countries
  Link: Table of contents
• Title: Climate change, mitigation, and developing country growth / Michael Spence
  Published: Washington, DC: World Bank, 2009
  Subject heading: Climate change / Economic Growth / Developing countries
  Link: http://www.growthcommission.org/storage/ cgdev/documents/gcwp064812web.pdf
  Request info: - Available
• Title: Trade, climate change and sustainable development: key issues for small states, least developed countries and vulnerable economies / ed. by Moustapha Kamal Gueye ...
  Published: London: Commonwealth Secretariat, 2009
  Subject heading: External sector / International trade policy / Climate change / Sustainable development / Developing countries / 1995-2006
  Link: Table of contents
• Title: The economics of climate change mitigation: policies and options for global action beyond 2012 / Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
  Corporate body: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
  Published: Paris: OECD, 2009
  Subject heading: Climate change / Climate protection / Developing countries
  Link: Table of contents
• Article: Docking into a global carbon market: clean investment budgets to finance low-carbon economic development / Gernot Wagner; Nathaniel Keohane; Annie Petsonk; James S. Wang
  In: The economics and politics of climate change. - Oxford [u.a.]: Oxford Univ. Press, ISBN 978-0-19-957328-8. - 2009, S. 385-408
  Subject heading: Climate change / Environmental policy / Carbon / Environmental investment / Financing / Economic development / World / Developing countries
• Title: The climate challenge: 101 solutions to global warming / Guy Dauncey
  Published: Gabriola Island, BC: New Society Publishers, c2009
  Subject heading: Climate change / Greenhouse gas / Carbon / Renewable energy / Environmental investment / Social consciousness / Canada / Industrialized countries / Developing countries
  Link: Table of contents
• Title: Climate negotiations and development: how can low-income countries gain from a climate negotiation framework agreement? / Nicola Cantore, Leo Peskett and Dirk Willem te Velde
  Published: 2009
  Subject heading: Climate change / International environmental agreement / Air pollution / Economic development / Forecast / Low-income countries / World / 1990-2105
  Link: http://www.odi.org.uk/resources/download/4537.pdf
• Article: Natural resource tenure, environment and climate change
  In: Natural resource tenure. - Stockholm: Sida, ISBN 978-91-586-8143-9. - 2009, S. 33-37
  Subject heading: Natural resources / Environmental protection / Biofuel / Climate change / Economic development / Developing countries
• Article: The right to development in a climate-constrained world / Paul Baer, Tom Athanasiou and Sivan Kartha
  In: Twenty-first century macroeconomics. - Cheltenham [u.a.]: Elgar, ISBN 978-1-8472-0848-4. - 2009, S. 75-112
  Subject heading: Economic policy / Climate change / Environmental protection / Economic development / World
• Title: Climate change and sustainable development: new challenges for poverty reduction / ed. by M. A. Mohamed Salih
  Published: Cheltenham [u.a.]: Elgar, c2009
  Subject heading: Climate change / Environmental policy / Sustainable development / Social inequality / Poverty alleviation / World / Johannes B. Opschoor / 1989-2007
  Link: Table of contents
• Article: Climate change and Africa / written by Estherine Fotabong and Brian Ngo
  In: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development: OECD journal. - Paris: OECD Publ., ISSN 1995-2821, ZDB-ID 24700708. - 2009, 1, S. 5-35
  Subject heading: Climate change / Economic development / Africa
• Title: Climate change and global poverty: a billion lives in the balance? / Lael Brainard; Abigail Jones; Nigel Purvis, eds.
  Published: Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2009
  Subject heading: Climate change / Poverty / Economic development / Climate protection / Economic adjustment / World / Developing countries
  Link: Table of contents
• Title: Financial impacts of climate change: an overview of climate change-related actions in the European Commission's development cooperation / Arno Behrens
  Published: Brussels: CEPS, 2008
  Subject heading: Climate change / Climate protection / EU environmental policy / International environmental policy / Development cooperation / Development Aid / EU countries / Developing countries
  Request info: - Available
• Title: Mainstreaming climate adaptation into development assistance in Mozambique: institutional barriers and opportunities / Diana Sietz; Maria Boschütz; Richard JT Klein; Alexander Lotsch
  Published: Washington, DC: World Bank, Development Research Group, Sustainable Rural and Urban Development Team, Sept. 2008
  Subject heading: Climate change / Development Aid / Mozambique
  Links:
  http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/ default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2008/09/22/000158349_ 20080922113305/Rendered/PDF/WPS4711.pdf
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-4711
• Title: Bridge over troubled waters: linking climate change and development / Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. [Ed. Shardul Agrawala]
  Corporate body: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
  Published: Paris: OECD, c 2005
  Subject heading: Climate change / |stw| Development planning / |stw| Development Aid / |stw| Developing countries
  Link: Table of contents
• Title: Lessons from conditionality provisions for south-north cooperation on climate change / Maike Sippel and Karsten Neuhoff
  Published: 2008
  Subject heading: Climate change / Climate protection / Economic incentive / International cooperation / Mechanism design / North South relations / Developing countries / World
• Article: International markets for greenhouse gas emission reduction policies - possibilities for integrating developing countries / Kirsten Halsnæs, Anne Olhoff
  In: Energy policy. - Oxford: Elsevier, ISSN 0301-4215, ZDB-ID 1862959. - Bd. 33.2005, 18, S. 2313-2325
  Subject heading: World / |stw| Developing countries / |stw| Emissions trading
• Article: Building institutions to address air pollution in developing countries: the CAP and trade approach / by Joe Kruger, Katherine Grover, and Jeremy Schreifels
  In: Greenhouse gas emissions trading and project-based mechanisms. - Paris: OECD, ISBN 92-64-10576-X. - Bd. 2004.2004, S. 91-102
  Subject heading: Air pollution / |stw| Environment agency / |stw| Developing countries / |stw| Emissions trading
• Article: Country stakes in climate change negotiations: two dimensions of vulnerability / Piet Buys; Uwe Deichmann; Craig Meisner; Thao Ton That; David Wheeler
  In: Climate policy. - London: Earthscan, ISSN 1469-3062, ZDB-ID 20367727. - Bd. 9.2009, 3, S. 288-305
  Subject heading: Climate change / Climate protection / International environmental policy / World / Developing countries
• Title: Carbon markets and beyond: the limited role of prices and taxes in climate and development policy / Frank Ackerman
  Published: New York, NY [u.a.]: United Nations, 2008
  Subject heading: Climate change / Climate protection / Carbon dioxide / Emissions trading / Development Policy / Developing countries
  Link: http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/gdsmdpg2420084_en.pdf
  Request info: - Available
• Article: Greenhouse gas emission reduction under the Kyoto Protocoll: the South African example / John Luiz; Eugene Muller
  In: International business and economics research journal. - Littleton, Colo.: Western Academic Press, ISSN 1535-0754, ZDB-ID 21436708. - Bd. 7.2008, 1, S. 75-92
  Subject heading: Climate change / International environmental agreement / Climate protection / Sustainable development / Developing countries / South Africa
• Article: Meeting the Kyoto targets: the importance of developing country participation / ZhongXiang Zhang
  In: Journal of policy modeling. - New York, NY [u.a.]: Elsevier North-Holland, ISSN 0161-8938, ZDB-ID 4355325. - Bd. 26.2004, 1, S. 3-19
  Subject heading: International environmental agreement / |stw| Emissions permit / |stw| Licensing / |stw| Developing countries / |stw| World / |stw| Emissions trading